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Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in women and the second most common cause of cancer death in women in the U.S. While the majority of new breast cancers are diagnosed as a result of an abnormality seen on a mammogram, a lump or change in consistency of the breast tissue can also be a warning sign of the disease.
Although breast cancer in women is a common form of cancer, male breast cancer does occur and accounts for about 1% of all cancer deaths in men.
Risk!
- Age: The chance of getting breast cancer goes up as a woman gets older. Most cases of breast cancer occur in women over 60. This disease is not common before menopause.
- Personal history of breast cancer: A woman who had breast cancer in one breast has an increased risk of getting cancer in her other breast.
- Family history: A woman’s risk of breast cancer is higher if her mother, sister, or daughter had breast cancer. The risk is higher if her family member got breast cancer before age 40. Having other relatives with breast cancer (in either her mother’s or father’s family) may also increase a woman’s risk.
- Certain breast changes: Some women have cells in the breast that look abnormal under a microscope. Having certain types of abnormal cells (atypical hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ [LCIS]) increases the risk of breast cancer.
- Gene changes: Changes in certain genes increase the risk of breast cancer.
- Being overweight or obese after menopause: The chance of getting breast cancer after menopause is higher in women who are overweight or obese.
- Lack of physical activity: Women who are physically inactive throughout life may have an increased risk of breast cancer. Being active may help reduce risk by preventing weight gain and obesity.
- Drinking alcohol: Studies suggest that the more alcohol a woman drinks, the greater her risk of breast cancer.
A change in how the breast or nipple feels
- A lump or thickening in or near the breast or in the underarm area
- Nipple tenderness
- A change in the size or shape of the breast
- A nipple turned inward into the breast
- The skin of the breast, areola, or nipple may be scaly, red, or swollen. It may have ridges or pitting so that it looks like the skin of an orange.
- Early breast cancer usually does not cause pain. Still, a woman should see her health care provider about breast pain or any other symptom that does not go away. Most often, these symptoms are not due to cancer. Other health problems may also cause them. Any woman with these symptoms should tell her doctor so that problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
* Surgery
* Radiation therapy
* Chemotherapy and hormone therapy
* Biological therapy
* Treatment choices by stage
Stage 1
- The tumour is no more than 2 centimetres (cm) across (T1)
- The lymph nodes in the armpit are not affected
- The cancer has not spread
This is divided into two groups:
Stage 2A means
- The tumour is less than 2 cm, the lymph nodes under the arm contain cancer but are not stuck to each other and the cancer has not spread or
- The tumour is less than 5 cm, there are no cancer cells in the lymph nodes in the armpit and the cancer has not spread or
- Although no tumour is seen in the breast, the lymph nodes under the arm contain cancer cells but are not stuck together, and there is no sign of spread to other parts of the body
- The tumour is less than 5 cm and the lymph nodes under the arm contain cancer cells but are not stuck to each other, and the cancer has not spread or
- The tumour is bigger than 5 cm across, there are no cancer cells in the lymph nodes in the armpit and the cancer has not spread
Stage 3 breast cancer is divided into 3 groups:
Stage 3A means
- Although no tumour is seen in the breast, the lymph nodes under the arm contain cancer cells and are stuck together, but there is no sign of cancer spread or
- The tumour is 5 cm or less, the lymph nodes in the armpit contain cancer cells and are stuck to each other, but the cancer has not spread elsewhere or
- The tumour is more than 5 cm, the lymph nodes in the armpit contain cancer cells and may be stuck together, but there is no further spread
- The tumour is fixed to the skin or chest wall, the lymph nodes may or may not contain cancer cells, but there is no further spread
- The tumour can be any size and has spread to lymph nodes in the armpit and under the breast bone, or to nodes above or below the collarbone, but there is no further spread
- The tumour can be any size
- The lymph nodes may or may not contain cancer cells
- The cancer has spread or metastasised to other parts of the body such as the lungs, liver or bones
Medical terms related to the liver often start in hepato- or hepatic from the Greek word for liver, hēpar (ήπαρ).
Some Diseases of the liver:
- Hepatitis, inflammation of the liver, caused mainly by various viruses but also by some poisons, autoimmunity or hereditary conditions.
- Cancer of the liver (primary hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic cancers,
usually from other parts of the gastrointestinal tract).
- Haemochromatosis, a hereditary disease causing the accumulation of iron in the body, eventually leading to liver damage.
- Cirrhosis is the formation of fibrous tissue in the liver, replacing dead liver cells. The death of the liver cells can for example be caused by viral hepatitis, alcoholism or contact with other liver-toxic chemicals.
Acute hepatitis is when it lasts less than 6 months and chronic hepatitis is when it persists longer. A group of viruses known as the hepatitis viruses cause most liver damages worldwide. Hepatitis can also be due to toxins (notably alcohol), other infections or from autoimmune process. It may run a subclinical course when the affected person may not feel ill. The patient becomes unwell and symptomatic when the disease impairs liver functions that include among other things, screening of harmful substances, regulation of blood composition and production of bile to help digestion.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis
Unwanted Pregnancy deals with abortion
Experts will say, you should see a gynecologist or obstetrician when unwanted pregnancy happens. You can ask them for any medicine that could abort a child.
Remember also that anything that is taken into your body could harm to you as well as the fetus you are trying to abort. In case of vaginal bleeding the first point is to assess whether the fetus is implanted in the uterus properly. Also your gynecologist will see whether the development is going through the blood tests and the scan.
Abortion procedures vary according to the stage of the pregnancy. Usually, women can choose the procedure that they feel is most suitable for them and their circumstances.
Two main methods of early abortion:
- a medical method that uses drugs
- surgical method/vacuum aspiration- simply means suction
Risk?
Abortion procedures, especially in the early weeks of pregnancy, are very safe, but no clinical procedure is entirely without risk. You should encourage your partner to discuss her choices of treatment - and any possible complications and side effects - with a doctor or nurse practitioner, before she makes her decision.
Will abortion affect woman’s fertility?
There is very little risk to future fertility unless a woman contracts an infection and it is not properly treated. This is why it is so important for your partner to follow doctor’s advice.
How soon can you have sex after an abortion?
We advise women to avoid having sex for two weeks after treatment. If you both find it impossible to wait, use a condom to help prevent infection.
What’s important is you need to focus on the details of diabetes to maintain good health. You need to maintain good mental health, too.
Gestational diabetes, or diabetes that occurs in pregnancy and resolves at birth, Risk factors for developing gestational diabetes include:
- A family history of diabetes
- Being overweight
- Having prediabetes
- Having given birth previously to a child weighing 9 pounds or more
- Keeping your blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible through proper dietary changes, exercise, and/or medication and insulin therapy is the key to good diabetes control. Avoiding highs and lows will not only make you feel better.
- The only way to make sure your blood glucose levels are on target is to test frequently each day and to get regular A1c tests from your healthcare provider.
- In order to reduce the risk of developing the complication of diabetes, dietary and lifestyle modification are essential to control against elevations in blood sugar.
- Spacing meal throughout the day, help a person avoid extremely high or low blood glucose levels.
- In take of food which help lower blood cholesterol.
- Carbohydrates- 50% to 60%
- Protein- 12% to 20%
- Fat- not more than 30%
These are only some of the symptoms of diabetes since, diabetes symptoms often develops gradually and hard to identify:
- genital itching
- slow healing of infection
- easily expose to skin infection
- blurred vision
- excessive thirst
- frequent urination, especially at night
- sudden weight loss
- numbness in the feet and leg or sores that are slow to heal
- change in vision
- heart disease
has diabetes and this is what he eats…
Carbohydrates- 50% to 60%
Protein- 12% to 20%
Fat- not more than 30%
and this is what he does…
and Have a Regular Check-up!
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